禾本科近缘植物基因组揭示草类进化之前的关键代谢创新
禾本科近缘植物基因组揭示草类进化之前的关键代谢创新
作者： 小柯机器人 发布时间：2026/8/21 10:56:30
本期文章：《科学》：Volume 393 Issue 6813
近日，美国 威斯康星大学Hiroshi A. Maeda及其课题组探明了禾本科近缘植物基因组揭示了草类进化之前的关键代谢创新。2026年8月20日出版的《科学》杂志发表了这项成果。
课题组研究人员对Pharthem、Joinvillea、Ecdeiocolea和Typha物种的基因组进行了测序，以研究这些代谢创新何时以及如何相对于草科的起源进化。在导致所有草的最后共同祖先的谱系中，rho全基因组重复（ρWGD）促进了细胞质淀粉生物合成的基因家族扩展，而苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）的早期串联重复产生了苯丙氨酸/酪氨酸解氨酶（PTAL），它负责双重木质素的生物合成。在系统基因组学分析的指导下，综合生物化学、功能和结构研究进一步揭示了在草类进化之前关键代谢创新的分子基础。
据了解，禾本科植物具有巨大的经济和生态价值，具有独特的代谢特征，包括淀粉和木质素双合成途径。
附：英文原文
Title: Genomes of Poaceae relatives reveal key metabolic innovations preceding the evolution of grasses
Author: Yuri Takeda-Kimura, Bethany Moore, Samuel Holden, Jae S. Morris, Sontosh K. Deb, Carly Sanders, Jorge El-Azaz, Matt Barrett, David Lorence, Marcos V. V. de Oliveira, Wynne Havranek, Jane Grimwood, Melissa Williams, Lori Beth Boston, Jerry Jenkins, Christopher Plott, Shengqiang Shu, Kerrie Barry, David M. Goodstein, Jeremy Schmutz, Joseph M. Jez, Matthew J. Moscou, Michael R. McKain, James H. Leebens-Mack, Hiroshi A. Maeda
Issue&Volume: 2026-08-20
Abstract: The grass family (Poaceae) has immense economic and ecological importance and exhibits distinctive metabolic traits, including dual starch and lignin biosynthetic pathways. We sequenced the genomes of Pharus, Joinvillea, Ecdeiocolea, and Typha species to investigate when and how these metabolic innovations evolved relative to the origin of the grass family. The rho whole-genome duplication (ρWGD) within the lineage that led to the last common ancestor of all grasses contributed to the gene family expansions underlying cytosolic starch biosynthesis, whereas an earlier tandem duplication of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) gave rise to phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia lyase (PTAL), which is responsible for the dual lignin biosynthesis. Integrated biochemical, functional, and structural studies, guided by phylogenomic analyses, further revealed the molecular basis of key metabolic innovations predating the evolution of grasses.
DOI: adv0443
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adv0443