基底膜翻转控制细胞形状
基底膜翻转控制细胞形状
作者： 小柯机器人 发布时间：2026/7/31 16:44:52
本期文章：《细胞》：Online/在线发表
英国伦敦大学Yanlan Mao课题组的研究显示，基底膜翻转控制细胞形状。该研究于2026年7月30日发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞》杂志上。
通过数学建模，该研究团队证明了BM的应力松弛时间可以调节细胞形状。通过分子动力学模拟，该团队发现胶原IV网络的应力松弛时间可以从胶原IV分子的寿命推断出来。为了测量胶原IV的体内寿命，小组开发了胶原IV的荧光计时器报告，并表明珍珠岩可以改变胶原IV的寿命。这种跨学科的方法建立了一个多尺度的框架来探测矩阵的周转，以及它在细胞形状控制中的调节和功能。
研究人员表示，三维细胞形状的调节是生命的一个基本问题。在多细胞组织中，细胞形状是通过细胞内外力量的平衡而形成的。在上皮细胞中，基底膜（BM）是细胞从生物化学和机械上感知的第一个细胞外屏障。尽管如此，人们对BM的机械性能是如何调节的以及它们是如何影响细胞形状的知之甚少。
附：英文原文
Title: Basement membrane turnover controls cell shape
Author: Ricardo Barrientos, Billie Meadowcroft, Besaiz J. Sánchez-Sánchez, Brian M. Stramer, Ewa K. Paluch, Guillaume Charras, Shiladitya Banerjee, Anela ari, Yanlan Mao
Issue&Volume: 2026-07-30
Abstract: The regulation of 3D cell shape is a fundamental problem of life. In multicellular tissues, cell shape emerges through the balance of forces inside and outside the cell. In epithelia, the basement membrane (BM) is the first extracellular barrier that cells sense biochemically and mechanically. Despite this, little is known about how BM mechanical properties are regulated and how they impact cell shape. Through mathematical modeling, we show that the stress relaxation time of the BM can regulate cell shape. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the stress relaxation time of a collagen IV network can be inferred from the lifetime of collagen IV molecules. To measure collagen IV lifetime in vivo, we develop a fluorescent timer reporter for collagen IV and show that perlecan modifies collagen IV lifetime. This cross-disciplinary approach establishes a multiscale framework to probe matrix turnover, and its regulation and function in cell shape control.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.010
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(26)00808-1