小鼠大脑的脂质组结构
小鼠大脑的脂质组结构
作者： 小柯机器人 发布时间：2026/9/26 16:50:21
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院Gioele La Manno研究团队的一项最新研究研制了老鼠大脑的脂质结构。2026年9月23日出版的《自然》杂志发表了这项成果。
脂质是大脑的基本组成部分，对突触传递和信号传播至关重要。大脑脂质组成的改变与常见和罕见神经病理相关，但与其它模态相比，哺乳动物大脑脂质组的空间组织仍未得到充分表征。在此，研究人员以微米尺度绘制了成年小鼠大脑的膜脂结构，涵盖不同性别和妊娠期间。该脂质脑图谱揭示，脂质描述了一种与功能解剖学相一致的精细生化结构。膜脂空间异质性聚集成区域，研究人员将其称为“lipizones”。这些脂质区部分反映细胞类型区域，但也捕获远端轴突末梢。通过这些脂质区，研究人员（1）揭示了与连接性和细胞构筑相关的灰质脂质组的组织原理；（2）发现了白质中少突胶质细胞异质性的一个新轴；（3）在脉络丛和脑室壁中发现了生化分区。研究人员表明，这种脂质组结构能够适应不断变化的生理需求。在妊娠雌鼠的大脑中，白质被代谢激活，皮层经历脂质区特异性重塑，这在第4层尤为明显。这些结果是一个基础资源（https://lbae-v2.epfl.ch/），有望重塑对大脑发育、生理和病理中脂质的理解。
附：英文原文
Title: The lipidomic architecture of the mouse brain
Author: Fusar Bassini, Luca, Schede, Halima Hannah, Capolupo, Laura, Haj Abdullah Alieh, Leila, Kaysudu, Irmak, Venturi, Francesca, Hochgerner, Hannah, Valente, Alessandro, Droin, Colas, Trejo Banos, Daniel, Khven, Irina, Maillat, Jean Andrea, Mahul-Mellier, Anne-Laure, Asaro, Antonino, lgen, Doukan H., Barahtjan, Pavel, Asirim, Ece Z., Nasrallah, Anita, Sandi, Carmen, Krymova, Ekaterina, DAngelo, Giovanni, La Manno, Gioele
Issue&Volume: 2026-09-23
Abstract: Lipids are fundamental components of the brain, crucial for synaptic transmission and signal propagation. Altered brain lipid composition is associated with common and rare neuropathologies, yet the spatial organization of the mammalian brain lipidome remains insufficiently characterized compared with other modalities1,2,3,4,5,6. Here we mapped the membrane-lipid architecture of the adult mouse brain at micrometric scale, across sexes and during pregnancy. This lipid brain atlas reveals that lipids describe a fine-grained biochemical structure that aligns with functional anatomy. Membrane-lipid spatial heterogeneity clusters into territories, which we termed ‘lipizones’. Lipizones partially mirror cell-type territories, but also capture distal axon terminals. Through lipizones, we (1) reveal the organizing principles of the grey matter lipidome, related to connectivity and cytoarchitecture; (2) discover a new axis of oligodendrocyte heterogeneity in the white matter; and (3) find biochemical zonation in the choroid plexus and in the ventricular walls. We show that this lipidomic architecture can adapt to changing physiological needs. In the brain of pregnant female mice, the white matter is metabolically activated and the cortex undergoes a lipizone-specific remodelling that is particularly pronounced in layer4. These results are a foundational resource (https://lbae-v2.epfl.ch/) poised to reshape the understanding of lipids in brain development, physiology and pathology.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-11050-0
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-11050-0