额叶运动皮层的丛状树突使灵活的学习成为可能
额叶运动皮层的丛状树突使灵活的学习成为可能
作者: 小柯机器人 发布时间:2026/5/9 13:54:08
本期文章:《科学》:Online/在线发表
德国柏林洪堡大学Matthew E. Larkum小组的研究发现额叶运动皮层的丛状树突使灵活的学习成为可能。相关论文于2026年5月7日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《科学》杂志上。
该课题组研究人员发现,对决策至关重要的输入集中在ALM第5b层锥体神经元的顶丛树突上。因此,研究人员研究了这些树突在规则转换范式中的作用。树突抑制层1中间神经元的激活损害了再学习,但不影响先前学习的行为。这种抑制作用深刻地抑制了树突轴的整体钙活性,但不抑制脊髓的局部瞬态,同时还减少了突发放电。
此外,对丛状树突的兴奋性突触输入表现出规则依赖性。研究团队得出结论,树突钙信号是灵活学习的关键计算组成部分。
据悉,灵活的学习依赖于整合感官和情境信息来调整不同环境下的行为输出。前外侧运动皮层(ALM)是啮齿动物行为选择的重要脑区。
附:英文原文
Title: Tuft dendrites in frontal motor cortex enable flexible learning
Author: Eduardo Maristany de las Casas, Kris Killmann, Moritz Drüke, Lukas Münster, Christian Ebner, Robert Sachdev, Dieter Jaeger, Matthew E. Larkum
Issue&Volume: 2026-05-07
Abstract: Flexible learning relies on integrating sensory and contextual information to adjust behavioral output in different environments. The anterolateral motor cortex (ALM) is a frontal area critical for action selection in rodents. We found that inputs critical to decision-making converge on the apical tuft dendrites of layer 5b pyramidal neurons in ALM. We therefore investigated the role of these dendrites in a rule-switching paradigm. Activation of dendrite-inhibiting layer 1 interneurons impaired relearning, without affecting previously learned behavior. This inhibition profoundly suppressed global calcium activity in dendritic shafts but not local transients in spines, while additionally reducing burst firing. Moreover, excitatory synaptic inputs to tuft dendrites exhibited rule-dependent clustering. We conclude that dendritic calcium signaling is a key computational component of flexible learning.
DOI: adx4358
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adx4358