UVR 8等位基因变异调节植物耐热性与产量的权衡
UVR8等位基因变异调节植物耐热性与产量的权衡
作者： 小柯机器人 发布时间：2026/5/15 20:31:09
本期文章：《细胞研究》：Online/在线发表
浙江大学都浩课题组宣布他们的最新研究提出了UVR8等位基因变异调节植物耐热性与产量的权衡。相关论文于2026年5月14日发表在《细胞研究》杂志上。
研究团队在水稻中鉴定出光感受器抗紫外线位点8b （OsUVR8b）是SNF1相关蛋白激酶1（SnRK1）的底物，并揭示了其SnRK1介导的磷酸化位点（Ser177）的自然变异与对热带气候的适应有关。耐高温OsUVR8b Ala177 在高纬度地区表现出地理上的富集。通过启动编辑的功能验证表明，Ser177-to-Ala177的替换增强了耐热性，而反向编辑则损害了耐热性。
在机制上，OsUVR8b Ser177 在热应激下表现出稳定性降低和清除活性氧的能力受损。调控UVR8稳定性和耐热性的分子开关OsUVR8b Ser177 磷酸化位点的调控功能可以在水稻、拟南芥、烟草和大豆中功能重建，表明其在驯化过程中保存了下来。值得注意的是，OsUVR8b Ser177 在非胁迫条件下保持较高的育性和产量，表明热适应和生产力之间的权衡。他们的研究结果表明，这种转换是产量-适应能力平衡的关键调节因素，也是培育适应气候变化的作物的一个有希望的目标。
据介绍，工业活动推动了平流层臭氧消耗，增加了地表UV-B辐射，同时加剧了全球变暖。这些变化限制了作物产量，改变了物种分布，并破坏了植物代谢过程，但将能量信号与热胁迫反应联系起来的机制尚不清楚。
附：英文原文
Title: Allelic variation in UVR8 modulates thermotolerance-yield tradeoffs in plants
Author: Li, Zeqi, Zhang, Yi, Li, Shiquan, Qu, Chengyi, Luo, Daren, Ni, Pei, Zong, Yuan, Li, Xiaoxiao, Sun, Tong, Ye, Ruiqiang, Sun, Rui, Zhu, Yi, Guo, Tiannan, Tao, Zeng, Chen, Lu, Su, Kexing, Zhang, Yuanbin, Li, Wei, Zhao, Xiaobo, Dong, Jie, Zhang, Jian, Tan, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Xianwen, Dong, Faming, Xiong, Lizhong, Huang, Xi, Sheen, Jen, Du, Hao
Issue&Volume: 2026-05-14
Abstract: Industrial activities have driven stratospheric ozone depletion, increasing surface UV-B radiation while exacerbating global warming. These changes limit crop productivity, alter species distributions, and disrupt plant metabolic processes, but the mechanisms linking energy signaling to heat-stress responses remain unclear. Here, we identify the photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8b (OsUVR8b) as a substrate of SNF1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) in rice and reveal a natural variation at its SnRK1-mediated phosphorylation site (Ser177) that is correlated with adaptation to tropical climates. The thermotolerant OsUVR8bAla177 accessions show geographic enrichment in low-latitude regions with elevated temperatures. Functional validation through prime editing demonstrated that a Ser177-to-Ala177 substitution enhances heat tolerance, whereas the reverse edit compromises it. Mechanistically, OsUVR8bSer177 exhibits reduced stability and an impaired capacity for scavenging reactive oxygen species under heat stress. The regulatory function of the OsUVR8b Ser177 phosphorylation site, a molecular switch that governs UVR8 stability and thermotolerance, can be functionally re-established across rice, Arabidopsis, tobacco, and soybean, indicating its preservation during domestication. Notably, OsUVR8bSer177 maintains higher fertility and yield under non-stress conditions, indicating a tradeoff between heat adaptation and productivity. Our findings thus establish this switch as a key regulator of the yield-resilience balance and a promising target for breeding of climate-resilient crops.
DOI: 10.1038/s41422-026-01253-5
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-026-01253-5