三重遗传冲突系统控制水稻杂交不育
三重遗传冲突系统控制水稻杂交不育
作者： 小柯机器人 发布时间：2026/8/29 11:54:33
本期文章：《科学》：Volume 393 Issue 6814
2026年8月27日，华南农业大学农学院陈乐天等科学家在《科学》发表研究，揭示了三方遗传冲突系统调控水稻杂种不育的分子机制。
亚洲-非洲种间杂交水稻有可能大幅提高产量，但受到严重杂种不育的限制。研究人员将RHS3鉴定为一个控制该性状的主要数量性状位点。RHS3编码一个由MAO、DUN和JIA组成的三方毒素-解毒剂系统，其中MAO作为毒素通过破坏线粒体功能使配子败育，而DUN和JIA作为解毒剂中和MAO的毒性，为非洲等位基因提供传递优势。研究人员证明，解毒作用依赖于通过形成JIA–DUN–MAO三蛋白复合物而实现的选择性自噬。他们推断RHS3在AA基因组水稻谱系中为新起源，这阐明了遗传冲突在物种形成中的作用，并为利用亚洲稻与非洲稻之间的杂种优势提供了策略。
附：英文原文
Title: A tripartite genetic conflict system controls hybrid sterility in rice
Author: Xiaodong He, Zhigang Zhao, Kun Shao, Xiaowen Yu, Ying Zhu, Jintao Tang, Jing Li, Yunhui Zhang, Keyu Zhao, Xiaoming Zheng, Hongru Wang, Chao Li, Xiangchao Gan, Xiaoou Dong, Yulong Ren, Yehui Xiong, Jian Wang, Yang Hu, Siqi Cheng, Bowen Yao, Yulu Ye, Song Guo, Yuantao Zhu, Ling He, Tiaofeng Shan, Chen Xu, Jinxuan Xu, Jiayu Lu, Dekun Lei, Anqi Jian, Junwen Gao, Song Cui, Gencheng Xu, Xiuping Guo, Xi Liu, Yunlu Tian, Shijia Liu, Ling Jiang, Xianneng Deng, Jiawu Zhou, Dayun Tao, Yonglun Zeng, Letian Chen, Chuanyin Wu, Haiyang Wang, Chaolong Wang, Jianmin Wan
Issue&Volume: 2026-08-27
Abstract: Interspecific Asian–African hybrid rice could substantially boost yield but is limited by severe hybrid sterility. We identify RHS3 as a major quantitative trait locus controlling this trait. RHS3 encodes a tripartite toxin–antidote system composed of MAO, DUN, and JIA, in which MAO acts as a toxin that aborts gametes by disrupting mitochondrial function, whereas DUN and JIA function as antidotes that neutralize MAO toxicity, conferring a transmission advantage to the African allele. We demonstrate that detoxification relies on selective autophagy through formation of a tripartite JIA–DUN–MAO protein complex. We infer the de novo origin of RHS3 in the AA-genome rice lineage, illustrating a role for genetic conflict in speciation and suggesting strategies to harness heterosis between Asian and African rice.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aec5252
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aec5252