通过分层分离的小动脉网络进行模式特异性神经血管耦合
通过分层分离的小动脉网络进行模式特异性神经血管耦合
作者: 小柯机器人 发布时间:2026/8/21 10:56:34
本期文章:《科学》:Volume 393 Issue 6813
加拿大大脑与学习跨学科研究中心Ravi L. Rungta小组近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力,他们研究出通过分层分离的小动脉网络进行模式特异性神经血管耦合。相关论文于2026年8月20日发表在《科学》杂志上。
在这项研究中,该课题组发现在小鼠中,神经血管耦合是模式依赖的:不同的感觉输入招募特定的小动脉类型,产生不同的层流血流模式。利用多尺度光学成像,研究组比较了神经元和血管对触觉、伤害感觉、运动-感觉反馈和自发活动的反应。浅层小动脉扩张随着浅层活动的增加而出现,而深层小动脉在输入条件下广泛整合信号。小动脉类型特异性扩张将局部神经元活动的大小与毛细血管血流反应脱钩,血流模式由血管拓扑形状塑造,并在计算机中重现。总之,这些发现揭示了层流回路活动和血管网络结构之间的相互作用如何动态地塑造了血流在皮层中的空间分布。
据介绍,大脑的血管系统通过神经血管耦合动态调节能量供应。
附:英文原文
Title: Modality-specific neurovascular coupling via layer-segregated arteriole networks
Author: Antoine Malescot, Milene R. Malheiros-Lima, Laurianne Zana, Michael C. Bennett, éric Martineau, Franca Schmid, Ravi L. Rungta
Issue&Volume: 2026-08-20
Abstract: The brain’s vascular system dynamically regulates energy supply through neurovascular coupling. In this study, we show that in mice, neurovascular coupling is modality-dependent: Distinct sensory inputs recruit specific arteriole types, producing differential laminar blood flow patterns. Using multiscale optical imaging, we compared neuronal and vascular responses to touch, nociception, motor-sensory feedback, and spontaneous activity. Shallow arteriole dilation emerges with increasing superficial-layer activity, whereas deep arterioles integrate signals broadly across input conditions. Arteriole type–specific dilation decouples the magnitude of local neuronal activity from capillary blood flow responses, with flow patterns shaped by vascular topology and recapitulated in silico. Together, these findings reveal how interactions between laminar circuit activity and vascular network architecture dynamically shape the spatial profile of blood flow delivery across the cortex.
DOI: aeb5077
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aeb5077
主题:神经血管耦合